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Elizabeth Petrovna is the Empress of All Russia from the Romanov dynasty, the youngest daughter of Peter I and Catherine I, born two years before their marriage.

Winter Palace

Years of government: 1741-1761 гг.

Favorites of the Empress: A.Ushakov, Peter and Ivan Shuvalov, N.Beketov, A.Bestuzhev-Ryumin.

The coronation of the new empress took place in Moscow in 1742 and turned out to be very magnificent, like the whole reign. Elizabeth spared no expense on luxury, costumes, balls and palaces. She even formed a trend in architecture - Elizabethan Baroque. A prominent representative of this trend was the Italian architect Rastrelli, who built the Winter Palace.

A. Ushakov, P. Shuvalov, N. Beketov (left to right)

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Russia was strengthening serfdom, taxes were rising, there were uprisings of peasants, factory workers in the Urals and some small peoples, Bashkirs and Erzya. The death penalty was not used for the first time in the history of Russia, but corporal punishment was quite cruel.
Since 1754, on the initiative of Pyotr Shuvalov, internal customs duties have been abolished. Under Elizabeth, trade revived in Russia, new cities appeared. For example, Petropavlovsk, Rostov-on-Don and Elizavetgrad, that is, modern Kropyvnytskyi in Ukraine.

In addition, during the reign of Elizabeth in Russia were founded:

domestic policy

Address: Alexandrinsky Theater: St. Petersburg, Ostrovsky Square, 6
Nearest metro: "Gostiny Dvor", "Nevsky Prospekt", "Dostoevskaya"
For a long time in the Russian Empire there was only one monument to Elizabeth Petrovna. And he stood in St. Petersburg. It was a bust of the Empress on a round granite pedestal. The monument to the Empress was opened in 1895.
It was located in St. Petersburg in the courtyard of the Imperial Porcelain Factory in front of the Transfiguration Church. The bust was made by sculptor A. Shpis from biscuit - porcelain, not covered with glaze.
After some time, it was replaced by a bronze replica cast at the Moran factory. During the Soviet era, the monument was destroyed and it was irretrievably lost.
In 2019, a bust of Elizabeth Petrovna appeared in the Alexandrinsky Theater. The monument to the Empress was opened on August 30 in the lower foyer of the main stage of the Alexandrinsky Theater. The sculptural image of the empress was placed opposite the bust of the first professional Russian actor Fyodor Volkov.
This placement of the bust is not accidental. It was Elizabeth Petrovna who, on August 30, 1756, ordered the founding of the "Russian Theater for the Presentation of Tragedies and Comedies" in St. Petersburg, from which Alexandrinka traces her history.

Friedrich I

Friedrich II

The biggest foreign policy event during the reign of Elizabeth Petrovna was the Seven Years' War of 1756-1763. The Russian army in 1757-1761 won all the battles in the space from Konigsberg to Berlin and Pomerania. From the complete defeat of the Prussian king Frederick II was saved only by the death of Empress Elizabeth Petrovna and the accession to the throne in early 1762 of Peter III, who concluded a separate peace.

Empress Elizabeth inherited the war with Sweden from the regency of Anna Leopoldovna. The Swedish king Frederick I tried to regain the lands that his state had lost during the Northern War of 1700-1721. The revenge failed: the Russian army of General Peter Lassi defeated the Swedes in Finland. In 1743, the Abo Peace was concluded between the states. Southwestern Finland became part of Russia — the area up to the Kyummen River with the city of Neishlot.

FOREIGN POLICY

The Winter Palace is the main imperial palace of Russia, located at 2 / Dvortsovaya Embankment, 38, Saint Petersburg. The palace building was built in 1754-1762 by the Russian architect of Italian origin Bartolomeo Francesco Rastrelli in the style of magnificent Elizabethan Baroque with elements of French Rococo in the interiors. Since Soviet times, the main exposition of the State Hermitage Museum has been located in the walls of the palace.

• The Empress was the first owner of the name "Elizabeth" in the Romanov dynasty.
• It is known that the Empress was incredibly beautiful. The surviving historical documents mention that she drew attention to herself with her beauty when she was still a child.
• It is known that Elizabeth Petrovna adored hunting and horseback riding, but at the same time was completely indifferent to books and reading.

• According to the will of Catherine I, after the death of Peter II, it was she who was to sit on the throne. However, instead of her, the nobles appointed Anna Ioannovna. When she was Empress, Elizabeth Petrovna lived in unspoken disgrace, very modestly and even poor by imperial standards.

• It is believed that Elizabeth Petrovna has never worn the same dress twice in her entire life. After her death, more than 15 thousand luxurious dresses were found in her wardrobe.

THE WINTER PALACE OF ELIZABETH PETROVNA



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